Notes
1 Bonnie Bernard, Resiliency: What We Have Learned, San Francisco: WestEd, 2004, www.wested.org/online_pubs/resiliency/resiliency.intro.pdf.
2 Jonathan Purtle, “The Legislative Response to PTSD in the United States (1989–2009): A Content Analysis,” Journal of Traumatic Stress vol. 27, no. 5, 2014.
3 The 10 adverse childhood event categories measured in this study were physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, domestic violence, incarceration of a family member, divorce, mental illness in the family, and substance abuse in the family.
4 Carly P. Smith and Jennifer J. Freyd, “Institutional Betrayal,” American Psychologist vol. 69, no. 6, 2014.
5 Maxine Harris and Roger D. Fallot, eds., Using Trauma Theory to Design Service Systems, New Directions for Mental Health Services, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2001.
6 Atul Gawande, “Slow Ideas,” New Yorker, July 29, 2013.
7 Data from Menominee Tribal Health Clinic.
8 Kathryn A. Becker-Blease, “As the World Becomes Trauma-Informed, Work to Do,” Journal of Trauma and Dissociation vol. 18, no. 2, 2017.
9 Carly P. Smith and Jennifer J. Freyd, “Dangerous Safe Havens: Institutional Betrayal Exacerbates Sexual Trauma,” Journal of Traumatic Stress vol. 26, no. 1, 2013.
10 Briana L. Loomis, Kenneth Epstein, Emily F. Dauria, and Lynn Dolce, “Implementing a Trauma-informed Public Health System in San Francisco, California,” Health Education and Behavior, October 18, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198118806942.
11 Vivian B. Brown, Maxine Harris, and Roger Fallot, “Moving Toward Trauma-
Informed Practice in Addiction Treatment: A Collaborative Model of Agency Assessment,” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, vol. 45, no. 5, 2013.
12 Courtney M. Baker et al., “Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care (ARTIC) Scale,” School Mental Health, vol. 8, no. 1, 2016.