Notes
1 Lewis Faulk, Mirae Kim, and Heather Maclndoe, The Retreat of Influence: Exploring the Decline of Nonprofit Advocacy and Public Engagement, Independent Sector, July 2023.
2 Transparency International, Lobbying in Europe: Hidden Influence, Privileged Access, April 2015.
3 Johanna Mair, Josefa Kindt, and Sébastien Mena, “The Emerging Field of Political Innovation,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2023.
4 Sarah Dickson, “Common Challenges in Lobbying Transparency: Lessons from Europe,” Open Government Partnership, June 8, 2021.
5 Amartya Sen, “Democracy As a Universal Value,” Journal of Democracy, vol. 10, no. 3, July 1999.
6 Edward T. Walker, Grassroots for Hire: Public Affairs Consultants in American Democracy, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
7 Robert Reich, Supercapitalism: The Transformation of Business, Democracy, and Everyday Life, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007.
8 Alberto Alemanno, Lobbying for Change: Find Your Voice to Create a Better Society, London: Iconbooks, 2017.
9 Lee Drutman and Christina Mahoney, “POST-MAP-ASK: Towards a More Democratic, Modern Lobbying Process,” New America, March 2016.
10 Alberto Alemanno, “Levelling the EU Participatory Playing Field: A Legal and Policy Analysis of the Commission’s Public Consultations in Light of the Principle of Political Equality,” European Law Journal, vol. 26, 2020.
11 Rachel Fyall, “The Power of Nonprofits: Mechanisms for Nonprofit Policy Influence,” Public Administration Review, vol. 76, no. 6, 2016.
12 Alnoor Ebrahim, Measuring Social Change: Performance and Accountability in a Complex World, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2019.
13 Daniel Carpenter and David A. Moss, eds., Preventing Regulatory Capture: Special Interest Influence and How to Limit It, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
14 Luigi Zingales, “Towards a Political Theory of the Firm,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 31, no. 3, 2017.
15 Thomas P. Lyon and Elizabeth Doty, “The Erb Principles for Corporate Political Responsibility,” Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, April 4, 2023.